The Zapotec civilization (600 BCE - 800 CE) established great cities in the Valleys of Oaxaca, in southwestern Mexico.
Although not as famous as their predecessors, the Olmec, they developed the first writing system in the Americas. It was logosyllabic – like cuneiform and Han Chinese characters – where a glyph represented spoken syllables.
The faded remnants of the once-great Zapotec civilization were conquered in 1502 by the Aztec Empire. When the Spanish defeated the Aztec, the Zapotec king Cosijoeza ordered his people to not attack the Spanish, but survive. After Spanish take over of the area, uprisings against colonial authorities occurred in 1550, 1560 and 1715.
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