St. Catherine’s Monastery, at the foot of Mount Sinai in Egypt, is one of the oldest still-functioning monasteries in the world. It was built between 548 and 565 CE. One reason it has endured is its six-foot-thick granite walls. Another is that the monastery once sheltered and fed Muhammad during his early travels. He gave specific orders that St. Catherine’s was to be left unharmed. Muhammad’s protection was written in a charter in the second year of the Hegira (626 CE) and that charter, called the Ashtiname of Muhammad, was faithfully kept and renewed by later Muslim rulers.
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