Modern chemotherapy treatment for cancer came about as a direct result from mustard gas testing by the US Army during World War II. They were looking for both chemical weapons and ways to protect against chemical weapons the enemy might have developed. The compound called nitrogen mustard was studied and found to work against a cancer of the lymph nodes, which paved the way to studying similar but more effective agents (called alkylating agents) that killed rapidly growing cancer cells by damaging their DNA.. And the chemotherapy treatment was born.
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