Did you know that there is no evidence to suggest that Sigmund Freud actually said “Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar.” We shouldn’t be too surprised though because as Abraham Lincoln points out “The problem with quotes on the Internet is that it is hard to verify their authenticity.”
Published by LIFE magazine. The 1965 Voting Rights Act was gutted in 2013 by the US Supreme Court, resulting in voter suppression in many American states, especially southern ones.
Learn all about the life and work of psychology legend Alfred Adler.
Visit –> www.all-about-psychology.com/gestalt-theory.html to read ‘Gestalt Theory’ by Max Wertheimer in full for free! A classic text in the history of Gestalt Psychology.
Insightful article about Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) by Craig Richard, Professor of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenandoah University.
Mark Twain, the famous American writer, hated the US Postal Service. He called the cost of sending letters to England “highway robbery” and thanks to his many public comments, even scored a meeting with Britain’s Postmaster General in an effort to makes overseas shipments more affordable.
Excellent article on psychopathic personality traits by Professor Scott O. Lilienfeld and Ashley Watts, Emory University.
Visit –> www.all-about-psychology.com/fernald-reading-method.html to read Fernald’s pioneering article in full for free!
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/history-of-psychology.html to learn all about the history of psychology.
This may be the largest bird to ever fly. It is a pelagornithid, a group of ancient avians with spikey beaks, that included some of the largest flying birds of all time with wingspans double that of modern albatrosses.
Members of this family first evolved 52 million years ago in Antarctica and quickly diversified till pelagornithids covered the globe’s oceans. This was actually why it took so long to identify pelagornithids as a single family: various pelagornithid species’ fossils were literally found all around the world. Sadly their last descendants died out around 2 million years ago.
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This bust was once considered the height of imperial power and prestige! How times change.
Holy roman emperor Leopold I, as shown by the sculptor Paul Strudel in 1695.
Did you know that Connecticut had witch trials thirty years before the more-famous Salem Witch Trials? From 1647 to 1663, Hartford Connecticut accused 37 people of being witches. Leading to 11 executions. An influenza epidemic in New England in 1647 likely helped get things started.
Things began to slow down in the early 1660s. Ironically, this is partly attributed to the return of the governor of the Connecticut colony, John Winthrop Jr., who was seen as an expert in witchcraft! He had seen major alchemists in England stand against false accusations of witchcraft, and was well-versed in “natural magical practices” as well as alchemy. Winthrop therefore was skeptical of the accusations being made in Connecticut. He wanted to catch true witches not just squabbling neighbors. For instance, Winthrop’s court established that multiple witnesses needed to bear witness to the same act of witchcraft simultaneously. This understandably results in fewer witchcraft accusations and no witches were executed in Connecticut after 1670.
Via: https://www.all-about-psychology.com/memes-psychology-students-will-love.html (Memes Psychology Students Will Love)
Visit —> www.all-about-psychology.com/women-in-psychology.html to learn about some of the most eminent women in the history of psychology.
Carel Pietersz Fabritius, the most promising student of Rembrandt, famous for his painting “The Goldfinch,” died young at just 32 in 1654. He was killed in an explosion. (Not what you were expecting, right?) The city of Delft’s gunpowder magazine unexpectedly exploded, destroying about one-fourth of the city and killing Fabritius.
Dying young does not mean the end of a painter’s career – just look at Van Gogh. But unfortunately for Fabritius, most of his paintings were also destroyed in the explosion. Only about a dozen of his paintings survive today.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/evolutionary-psychology.html for quality evolutionary psychology information and resources.
Some 150 decorative bronze pieces of a 2,500-year-old horse’s bridle were discovered in north-central Poland. The pieces form a nearly-complete bridle with only the bit missing. Reconstructed it is reminiscent those made by the Scythians living to the north at the time suggesting cultural exchange and influence.
The bronze pieces had been wrapped in leaves and placed in a leather bag alongside a locally-made axe. The bag was then buried on a sandy hillside by Poland’s largest river. It was probably intended to be re-collected then melted down to form something new; luckily for archaeologists the would-be smith never came back for his hoard.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/history-of-psychology.html to learn all about the history of psychology.
Welsh woman helping her husband wash after his shift at a coal mine.
Visit —> www.all-about-psychology.com/psychology-as-the-behaviorist-views-it.html to read ‘Psychology As The Behaviorist Views It’ by John B. Watson in full for free, one of the most influential texts in the history of psychology.
Skunks, the black-and-white striped animals found in North and South America, have a far-flung relative still surviving somewhere in the Old World.
In 1915 a non-pornographic film showed a fully-nude woman for the first time in the US. Called “Inspiration” it is about a sculptor trying to find the “perfect model” for his statues. The nudity was confined to showing the model posing for statues – something the lady playing the model did in real life, to widespread acclaim.
The nude scenes passed the National Board of Censorship without a single suggested change. The censors worried that if the scenes did not pass, censors might also have to ban Renaissance paintings.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/history-of-psychology.html to learn all about the history of psychology.
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Did you know that during the annual meeting of the American Association for the Study of the Feeble-Minded in Illinois on the 18th of May 1910, psychologist Henry H. Goddard proposed adopting the terms moron, imbecile, and idiot as three distinct classes of mental defect. Now pejorative terms no longer employed in a psychological context, moron, imbecile, and idiot were standard definitions within the field of ‘mental retardation’ for many years.
The remains of a tyrannosaurus rex, famously nicknamed “Stan” after being excavated by the commercial fossil outfit Black Hills Institute in 1992, has been sold for US$ 31.8 million. Stan went for more than twice the adjusted value of Sue, the most complete T. rex yet found, which sold for over $8.3 million in 1997. Stan’s buyer has not been announced.
While Sue ended up in a museum, no one knows where Stan is going – the lessons he can teach scientists might disappear forever into a private owner’s collection. Paleontologists are concerned that Stan is just the most prominent example of a recent trend for fossils going to auction houses instead of scientists. In addition, the simple idea that one can sell such fossils is concerning. Fossils may be morphing from priceless scientific artifacts to tradeable commodities.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/history-of-psychology.html to learn all about the history of psychology.
Brazil’s superstar soccer player in the late 1950s, Garrincha, helped lead his team to the 1958 World Cup trophy. But when Brazil beat Sweden 2-1 in the final game to win the cup, Garrincha did not celebrate. He had been under the impression that the World Cup was a round robin with Brazil playing all other teams twice.
Garrincha helped his team score its two world-cup-winning goals (including scoring one goal himself) without realizing the game’s importance.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/psychology-pioneers.html to learn all about the life and work of psychology’s most eminent pioneers.
A recent study of ancient human DNA in the Andes of South America looked at DNA samples from 22 sites, dating between 7,000 BCE to 1500 CE. They found an unusual trend: except in the large urban centers, the genetic profile of Andean people remained the same over 2,000 years.
Somewhat surprising given the various cultures and empires that rose and fell over the time period studies. This is the region that saw the Chavin (900 - 200 BCE), then Moche (00s - 600s CE), Nazca (100 BCE - 800 CE) Tiwanaku and Wari (till 1000s CE), Chimu (900 - 1470 CE), and finally the most famous Inca (1400s - 1500s CE). The changing political and cultural forces did not seem to impact people’s DNA, however.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/psychology-research-methods.html for psychology research methods information and resources.
Excavation of an Iroquoian village site in southeastern Canada ahead of a road construction project has uncovered over 35,000 artifacts. Representatives of the Six Nations of the Grand Reserve, the Haudenosaunee Development Institute, and the Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation have been working with archaeologists throughout the process. The village has been dated to between 1300 and 1600 CE.
There were five important villages known to have been in this area around this time – perhaps archaeologists are working on one of them? The remains of several longhouses have been found suggesting it was a permanent settlement. There have also been ceramics for food preparation and cooking, stone tools, and a broad range of items for daily living.
The site also produced one artifact dating back 4,000 years ago.
Sharks are older than trees. Trees evolved around 350 million years ago. Sharks evolved around 450 million years ago. So for 450 million years, sharks have been swimming along, doing what they do so well.
And humans, who evolved about 300,000 years ago, have the audacity to call oceans “shark-infested.”
Did you yawn in response to this image? VISIT –> bit.ly/YawningResearch to read a free full-text research article on Contagious Yawning Susceptibility. (Yawning images by Daniel James, devopstom, Nate Edwards & Rebecca Brown, all via flickr creative commons.)
Visit —> www.all-about-psychology.com/women-in-psychology.html to learn about some of the most eminent women in the history of psychology.
Great article by music therapist Elizabeth Coombes, a senior lecturer in music therapy at the University of South Wales. What would be number one on your calming the mind music playlist?
In a 1929 case involving conjoined twins, a judge ruled against jail time, on the grounds that only one of the twins was considered to have acted criminally. By the nature of being conjoined either both the twins could be incarcerated or neither of the twins could be incarcerated. And the judge refused to put an innocent person in jail.
Dr. Wu Lien Teh (or Wu Liande, 伍连德) was a Penang-born doctor of Chinese descent who received his MD from Cambridge University. When a plague epidemic broke out in China’s Manchuria province in 1910, he was appointed to head the Chinese response.
Dr. Wu performed what is thought to be the first-ever modern postmortem exam in China. Not on a Chinese person, which was highly taboo, but a Japanese woman who had died from the epidemic. He discovered Yersinia Pestis in the deceased’s tissues and from his examination concluded that the epidemic was pneumonic plague.
People had thought rats and fleas were spreading a bubonic plague, and so focused efforts on exterminating rats. But Dr. Wu finding pneumonic plague meant the sickness was infecting patients through human breath or sputum, and efforts needed to focus on preventing human travel, masking, and proper quarantining. Dr. Wu had convinced the Russian and Japanese railway authorities to cease operation of all trains in 1911. These efforts cut off all transportation, so the epidemic was mainly contained to Manchuria. He also developed a widely-used and more-effective mask.
In 1935, Dr. Wu Lien Teh became the first Chinese doctor nominated for the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/educational-psychology.html for quality educational psychology information and resources.
An Egyptian papyri from around 1400 B.C.E. gives an account of one of the first recorded medical writing about breasts in discussing how to encourage milk flow for women having trouble with lactation. It recommended that the mother rub warm fish bones on her back. Or if that is not effective, sit cross-legged and rub poppy plant on her breasts while she ate sour bread.
https://www.all-about-psychology.com/superstition-in-the-pigeon.html
In the learning theory classic Superstition in The Pigeon (click link above to read in full for free), B.F. Skinner demonstrated that accidental connections between a ritual and favorable consequences can establish and maintain superstitious behavior.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/history-of-psychology.html to learn all about the history of psychology.
A sexta-feira 13 é um dia de forte energia, muito propício para a realização de rituais como este, para abrir seus caminhos em todos os aspectos.
Embora muitas pessoas pensem que é um dia de azar e tenham até medo de que coisas ruins aconteçam na sexta-feira que cai no dia 13, é justamente o contrário. A Sexta 13 é um dia místico, carregado de poder mágico, e que pode ser aproveitado para a realização de rituais, feitiços e simpatias para alcançar seus objetivos.
Este é um ritual que você pode realizar na sexta-feira 13 para abrir seus caminhos em todos os sentidos: profissional, financeiro, espiritual ou amoroso.
Para começar, você vai precisar de uma vela na cor roxa ou lilás, de um pedaço de papel branco e de uma caneta.
Acenda a vela, faça um momento de silêncio e concentre-se nos motivos que levaram você a realizar este ritual. Pense claramente em seus objetivos e, se possível, imagine-os se realizando, com todos os caminhos se abrindo para você.
Em seguida, escreva no pedaço de papel aquilo que você deseja. Escreva de forma clara, formulando frases afirmativas, no presente. Por exemplo: "Eu atraio um novo amor para minha vida." "Eu conquisto o emprego dos meus sonhos." "Todos os caminhos se abrem em minha vida financeira."
Deixe a vela queimar e, quando ela estiver quase no fim, queime o papel no fogo da vela e depois sopre as cinzas ao vento.
Yes, the Ottoman Empire required calligraphers to be licensed. Before being allowed to practice their profession, calligraphers needed to get a lot of training, then obtain a document (ijaza) certifying their competence. The document would include a few lines written by the candidate and the assessments of several already-licensed master calligraphers.
This particular ijaza is from 1852, and is for an ‘Ali Rif‘at.
Frederic M. Lord was born. A pioneer in the field of psychological measurement and testing, Lord’s groundbreaking publication ‘Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores’ written with Melvin R. Novick published in 1968 is widely acknowledged as the text that ushered in the modern era of psychometric theory and practice.
In 1988 Frederic M. Lord won the American Psychological Association (APA) Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions and in 1990 received The National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME) Award for Career Contributions to Educational Measurement which honors a person whose contributions over a career have had a widespread positive impact on the field of educational measurement.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/psychology-tests.html to learn all about psychology tests and psychological testing.
It was originally a stereograph of two photographs.
Peking, China, 1902.
Gordon Allport was born. One of the most eminent psychologists of the twentieth century, Allport is best known for his pioneering three-tiered trait theory of personality consisting of Cardinal Traits: Rare but powerful determinants of a person’s behavior. Central Traits: Influential and common to all but not direct determinants of behavior and Secondary Traits: Also common to everybody but highly situation specific so not influential in every context.
Allport spent the majority of his academic career at Harvard University during which time he also became renowned for his groundbreaking social psychological research into a range of topics such as rumor, religion and particularly the nature of prejudice, which was the title of Allport’s landmark book on the subject first published in 1954.
Gordon Allport was elected president of the American Psychological Association in 1939 and in 1963 was presented with The American Psychological Foundation Gold Medal Award along with an accompanying scroll which read: ‘To Gordon Allport, outstanding teacher and scholar. He has brought warmth, wit, humanistic knowledge, and rigorous inquiry to the study of human individuality and social process.’
Visit –> www.all-about-psychology.com/concepts-of-trait-and-personality.html to read 'Concepts of Trait and Personality’ by Gordon Allport, a classic article in the history of personality psychology.
In 1962, Greece drained a lake to create land for agriculture. But the resulting land was too high in salt for crops to grow. So Greece has been re-filling the lake. Lake Karla was “reinaugurated” in October of 2018.
The very first episode of the iconic children’s television show Sesame Street premiered in the United States. The series arose from a dinner party conversation between experimental psychologist Lloyd Morrisett (who was searching for new methods of delivering preschool learning to a much wider audience of poor, minority and disadvantaged children) and television producer Joan Ganz.
Following the first episode which was sponsored by the letters W, S, and E and the numbers 2 and 3; the Wall Street Journal reported that ‘if it turns out to be a hit, its producers hope to get enough Government and private contributions to keep it on the air.’
Still going strong today, by the time of its 40th anniversary in 2009, Sesame Street was being broadcast in over 140 countries and it has been estimated that around 77 million Americans have now watched the series as children.
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What about dolphins amazes you?
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The remains of a 1,200-year-old pagan temple to the Old Norse gods has been discovered in Norway’s seaside town of Ose. It is the first such temple found in the country, though we know what it is based on surviving temples in Denmark and Sweden. The wooden building is large for the time, about 45 feet (14 meters) long, 26 feet (8 m) wide, and up to 40 feet (12 m) high. Archaeologists think it was built sometime in the 700s, and would have been the site of sacrifices (and more mundane religious observances) during the midsummer and midwinter solstices.
The Norse began building these large “god houses” in the 500s CE. They replaced simpler cult sites, often outdoors, that had previously sufficed for worship. Larger god houses became popular as Norse society became more stratified and dominated by wealthy families, who are thought to have built god houses as part of their taking control of the cults of the gods.
The Old Norse religion was suppressed from the 1000s, when Norway’s kings forcibly imposed the Christian religion, and destroyed god houses to enforce worship in the new Christian churches. Perhaps including the one at Ose. (The one above is a reconstruction, the real site has only the foundations remaining.)
Leonard Carmichael was born. Renowned for his pioneering work on the biology of human and animal instincts, the role of genetic determinants in behavior and behavioral development and its sensory control; Carmichael made important contributions within several areas of psychology throughout a long and distinguished career. A highly respected editor and writer, Carmichael’s ‘Manual of Child Psychology’ first published in 1946 ranks among his most best known and influential publications.
Carmichael was president of the American Psychological Association in 1940 and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1943 where he served as the chairman of its psychology section from 1950 to 1953.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/child-psychology.html for quality child psychology information and resources.
The far side of the moon was seen for the first time in 1959, by the Soviet Union’s Luna 3 space probe. Since only one side of the moon faces earth as the moon orbits the earth, no human before 1959 had ever seen the moon’s far side, despite seeing the moon every night.
Hermann Rorschach was born. Rorschach is renowned for developing the famous projective test in which respondents are presented with 10 ambiguous inkblots and asked to describe what they see in each. Despite persistent criticism concerning its scoring reliability and validity, the Rorschach inkblot test established itself as one of the most popular and commonly used personality assessment tools in the world.
Psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach began experimenting with inkblots with some of his schizophrenic patients in 1918 and published his findings on their utility as a diagnostic tool in 1921. Rorschach cautioned that his findings were preliminary, was skeptical about the test being used as a measure of personality and stressed the importance of the need for much greater experimentation. Sadly, Rorschach was unable to build upon his initial findings much further as he died in 1922 at the age of just 37.
Visit –> www.all-about-psychology.com/psychology-tests.html to learn all about psychological testing.
The famous double-crown of Egypt was the Pschent crown. It combined the red crown of Lower Egypt, and the white crown of Upper Egypt, thus symbolizing the pharaoh’s rule over a united land.
While pharaohs are depicted as wearing this crown – and many others – no crown has never been found in a pharaoh’s tomb. This suggests that the crowns themselves belonged to the state. Pharaohs received the originals form their predecessor, and passed it on to their successor.
GO HERE –> www.all-about-psychology.com/10-brilliant-cartoons-psychology-students-will-love.html for more great psych cartoons
Douglas Bray was born. A pioneering figure in the field of work psychology, Bray’s famous longitudinal project: ‘The Management Progress Study’ ranks among the most cited research studies in the history of industrial and organizational psychology.
As a result of a long and illustrious career, Bray is credited for introducing modern day assessment and management training into the workplace and for furthering our understanding of the factors involved in identifying the best leaders and quality employees.
Bray’s professional accolades include the American Psychological Association Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions in 1980 and the American Psychological Foundation, Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Application of Psychology in 1991.
VISIT –> www.all-about-psychology.com/industrial-organizational-psychology.html for quality I/O psychology information and resources.
Prior to the 1980s, around one in every 58 births produced twins. But in the last four decades, with the advent of fertility treatments, that number has gone up to more than one in 30.
Helen Thompson Woolley was born. A pioneering researcher in the field of sex-role stereotyping and developmental child psychology, Woolley graduated with a PhD (summa cum laude) from the University of Chicago in 1900.
A prolific writer, Woolley’s most important published work included ‘The Mental Traits of Sex’ (1905) which not only fundamentally challenged the notion that intelligence and mental functioning in men was superior to women but also suggested that any discernible differences that did exist were the result of upbringing, not biology.
Another of Woolley’s renowned publications was 'An Experimental Study of Children at Work and in School Between the Ages of Fourteen and Eighteen Years.’ Published in 1926, the content and findings of this influential book were instrumental in the fight for the introduction of progressive child labor laws.
Visit —> www.all-about-psychology.com/women-in-psychology.html to learn about some of the most eminent women in the history of psychology.
Ancient Peruvians invented surfing for fishing, one must assume independently from other cultures. There is archaeological evidence for reed surfing boards used by the Moche by 200 CE. An early description of the Inca surfing in Callao was documented by Jesuit missionary José de Acosta in 1590:
It is true to see them go fishing in Callao de Lima, was for me a thing of great recreation, because there were many and each one in a balsilla caballero [man’s raft], or sitting stubbornly cutting the waves of the sea, which is rough where they fish, they looked like the Tritons, or Neptunes, who paint upon the water.
Lev Semenovich Vygotsky was born. Despite his premature death at the age of just 37, Lev Vygotsky is widely considered as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. Drawing on a range of perspectives including Marxist thought, cultural history, evolutionary phylogeny and lifespan development, Vygotsky made a groundbreaking contribution to our understanding of the relationship between language and thought, the psychology of art, pedagogy and the psychology of play, in particular the process of self-regulation through creative play.
(Note: Sources drawing on the New Style (N.S.) Julian calendar record Vygotsky’s date of birth as November 17th, 1896.)
Visit –> www.all-about-psychology.com/psychology-ebook.html to check out the free psychology ebook and article collection, which includes ‘Play and its Role in the Mental Development of the Child’ By Lev Vygotsky.
A Nazca piece of pottery showing what appears to be a priest, in the shape of a mummy bundle.
From Peru, 50 - 300 CE.
