sounds like you have a good jumping-off point for research. I would tell you to read three or four accounts of how Nixon was caught, and how the media reacted. At least one should be within the year of the scandal, so you get more of the jist of what people were thinking at the time.
04 junho 2015
Hi! I'm having some issues understanding the watergate scandal Nixon was involved in but I need to understand it to analyze a political cartoon for homework. The cartoon is a drawing of the whitehouse but the top of the White House is a tape recorder... I'm supposed to know what it's message is? I get that Nixon was caught being corrupt by recorded tapes but I don't really understand anything else like how it came into the courts possession... Could you help?!
TODAY IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGYVia:...
TODAY IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
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NGC 2419: Intergalactic Wanderer
Three objects stand out in this thoughtful telescopic image, a view toward the mostly stealthy constellation Lynx. The two brightest (the spiky ones) are nearby stars. The third is the remote globular star cluster NGC 2419, at distance of nearly 300,000 light-years. NGC 2419 is sometimes called "the Intergalactic Wanderer", an appropriate title considering that the distance to the Milky Way's satellite galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud, is only about 160,000 light-years. Roughly similar to other large globular star clusters like Omega Centauri, NGC 2419 is itself intrinsically bright, but appears faint because it is so far away. NGC 2419 may really have an extragalactic origin as, for example, the remains of a small galaxy captured and disrupted by the Milky Way. But its extreme distance makes it difficult to study and compare its properties with other globular clusters that roam the halo of our Milky Way galaxy.
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Meet Catalina de Erauso, a Spanish noblewoman who spent most of...
Meet Catalina de Erauso, a Spanish noblewoman who spent most of her life living (and fighting) as a man, first in Spain and then in the Spanish colonies. To read more about her early escape from a nunnery, her swordfighting, and her deathbed confession, check out my latest post at historical-nonfiction.com
June 4th 1913: Emily Davison at the Epsom DerbyOn this day in...
Davison struck by the horse
Emily Wilding Davison (1872-1913)
The Suffragette paper commemorates Davison
Davison's funeral procession
June 4th 1913: Emily Davison at the Epsom Derby
On this day in 1913, suffragette Emily Wilding Davison ran out in front of King George V’s horse Anmer at the Epsom Derby; she was trampled by the horse, and died from her injuries on June 8th. Davison had spent years campaigning for women’s rights and female suffrage, being subjected to force feeding while on a hunger strike in prison. Her acts of civil disobedience included hiding in the chapel of the Palace of Westminster during the 1911 census, in order to list her place of residence as ‘the House of Commons’. At the 1913 Derby, she appears to have been attempting to attach a suffragette flag to the King’s horse, though it has also been suggested she was trying to pull down the horse. Others believed she had been aiming to commit suicide and become a martyr for the suffragette cause, but the fact she had purchased a return rail ticket that day appears to suggest otherwise. Herbert Jones, the jockey on the horse, was “haunted by that woman’s face” for many years and committed suicide in 1951.
“Deeds not words”
- Suffragette slogan on Davison’s gravestone
California is sinking – and fastThanks to prolific groundwater...
California is sinking – and fast
Thanks to prolific groundwater pumping amid California’s crippling drought, the state is sinking at historic speeds. New details highlight just how severe the sinking has become and how little government has done to monitor it.
The above photo shows how dramatically has sunk in the past. In the pic, Joseph Poland of the U.S. Geological Survey used a utility pole to document where a farmer would have been standing in 1925, 1955 and where Poland was then standing in 1977 after land in the San Joaquin Valley had sunk nearly 30 feet.
solar flare, photographed by soho, 3rd & 4th june...
solar flare, photographed by soho, 3rd & 4th june 2015.
selections from 60 photographs, taken over 15 hours. the bright spot at left, level with the top of the sun, is mercury.
image credit: nasa/stereo. animation: ageofdestruction.
age"A science is any discipline in which the fool of this generation can go beyond the point reached by..."
“A science is any discipline in which the fool of this generation can go beyond the point reached by the genius of the last generation.”
- Max Gluckman
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- Max Gluckman
‘Heavy’ fat – the secret to eternal youth? COULD a shiny...
‘Heavy’ fat – the secret to eternal youth?
COULD a shiny orange capsule of modified fat help to keep you young? For the first time next month, fats designed to reinforce our cells against age-related damage will be given to people in a clinical trial. The participants have a rare genetic disorder, but if the treatment works for them, it could eventually help us all live longer, more youthful lives, says the scientist behind the work.
Mikhail Shchepinov, director of Retrotope, a biotech company based in Los Altos, California, wants eventually to slow down the ageing process. But he is starting with a related problem – treating the inherited movement disorder Friedreich’s ataxia, with which ageing shares a mechanism. They are both caused, in part, by a molecular attack on our cells. Shchepinov’s idea is to counteract this assault by reinforcing our cells’ defences, slowing the progression of this incurable disease. If it works, it should demonstrate that the approach is also suitable for tackling ageing.
The damage he wants to address is caused by molecules called oxygen free radicals, made when our cells metabolise. Free radicals have unpaired electrons that desperately try to find a partner by tearing electrons off other molecules. This triggers a chain reaction as the denuded atom then does the same to its neighbour.
This chain reaction is particularly dangerous for the fatty acids that form our cell membranes. “They burn like gunpowder until hundreds of thousands are damaged,” says Shchepinov. Proteins and DNA also come off badly. Blocking the reaction should prevent the damage, but Shchepinov has a different idea.
He reckons we can protect our cells from free radicals simply by strengthening the bonds between molecules that make up our cell membranes. This can be done by swapping the hydrogen in the fatty acids for a different form known as deuterium. Because deuterium has an extra neutron, it is heavier than hydrogen and forms stronger bonds.
Enter the modified fat pill. The idea is that substituting some of the fats we normally eat with modified, stronger fats in pill-form should allow us to build stronger cells. To test the idea, Shchepinov and his colleagues developed heavy versions of an omega-6, polyunsaturated fatty acid. “It’s not a nutrient – it’s a new chemical that is different from the fats you get in your diet,” says Retrotope co-founder Robert Molinari, the biochemist who is leading the clinical trial.
The approach works in yeast – samples that metabolised heavy fats appear to be up to 150 times as resistant to the oxidative stress caused by free radicals as those given regular fatty acids.
The next step is to see whether heavy fat can slow the progression of Friedreich’s ataxia. This is caused by free radical damage to the nerves responsible for movement and usually means people are wheelchair-bound within 10 to 20 years of symptoms appearing. The idea makes sense, says Corinne Spickett at Aston University in Birmingham, UK. “The underlying chemistry is quite correct – the fats are theoretically less susceptible to attack by free radicals,” she says.
The trial launching in June is a safety study. The team will be checking that the doses of heavy fat are well tolerated by 18 people with Friedreich’s ataxia. They don’t expect problems – even if every cell membrane were made from their modified fatty acids, the total amount of deuterium in the body would still be around four times lower than a dangerous dose.
At first, each volunteer will be given two 1 gram tablets of heavy fat per day. “It looks like a fish oil pill,” says Molinari. After a break, the dose will be ramped up, with people taking five tablets, twice a day. Because the heavy fats need to overwhelm the fats we usually get in our food, the volunteers will be placed on a special diet. “They can have olive oil and saturated fats but not polyunsaturated fatty acids,” says Shchepinov.
Reverse the damage
Molinari hopes that the treatment will not only halt the progression of the disease, but also improve people’s symptoms. By replacing cellular fatty acids with stronger ones, there is a chance of rescuing nerves that are sick, but not dead. “A degree of reversal of damage is possible,” he says. “We see improvements in cell experiments – we won’t know about the effects in people until we do the trial.” Although a larger trial will be needed to determine any effect on symptoms, the team is hoping to see some hints during the safety study.
“The principle is sound, and some beneficial effects of heavy fats have been seen in cells and rodents,” says Spickett. “But will this translate to humans? We’ll have to see.”
Theoretically, heavy fats could also prove useful in other diseases in which free radicals are implicated, such as Parkinson’s. A few years ago, Shchepinov and colleagues at the University of Arkansas and the Scripps Research Institute in California, found that a diet rich in heavy fats protected mice against the worst ravages of the mouse equivalent of Parkinson’s disease.
And then there’s the question of whether a heavy fat pill can slow ageing. “If you can fix oxidative damage then lifespan will be extended,” says Shchepinov. “It’s the same mechanism.”
To get a better idea of its potential, the team plans to run a trial in rodents, lasting around three years. A human trial would be more complicated as it would be incredibly difficult to tease apart the many factors known to play a role in ageing. “The jury is still out on the free radical theory of ageing,” says Mark Cooper at University College London. “Free radicals do contribute to ageing, but there is a massive amount going on – it might not just be down to one thing.”
But Shchepinov is sanguine. To him, ageing is just a collection of diseases. If the fatty acids benefit people with these diseases, they will automatically extend lifespan, he says. “Maybe people will live until they are 180 and start dying of something else,” he says. “It’s a complex approach, but I hope our fatty acids will play a role.”
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Preventing MelanomaPreventing Melanoma through Community...
Preventing Melanoma through Community Programs
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the U.S., and melanoma is the most deadly type of skin cancer. More than 90 percent of melanoma cancers are due to skin cell damage from ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. Melanoma is responsible for more than 9,000 skin cancer deaths each year. In 2011, more than 65,000 melanoma cancers were diagnosed.
- Melanoma rates increased from 11.2 per 100,000 in 1982 to 22.7 per 100,000 in 2011.
- The report notes that without additional community prevention efforts, melanoma will continue to increase over the next 15 years, with 112,000 new cases projected in 2030.
- The annual cost of treating new melanoma cases is projected to nearly triple from $457 million in 2011 to $1.6 billion in 2030.
- By 2030, effective community skin cancer prevention programs could prevent an estimated 230,000 melanoma cancers and save $2.7 billion dollars in treatment costs.
Communities can increase shade on playgrounds, at public pools, and other public spaces, promote sun protection in recreational areas, encourage employers, childcare centers, schools, and colleges to educate about sun safety and skin protection, and restrict the availability and use of indoor tanning by minors. Everyone is encouraged to protect their skin with protective clothing, wide-brimmed hats, broad-spectrum SPF sunscreen, and seek shade outdoors.
(From CDC)
June 4, 1965, Earth Observations From Gemini IV
This photograph of the Florida Straits and Grand Bahama Bank was taken during the Gemini IV mission during orbit no. 19, on June 4, 1965. The Gemini IV crew conducted scientific experiments, including photography of Earth's weather and terrain, for the remainder of their four-day mission following Ed White's historic spacewalk on June 3.
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"To build a machine smarter than you, it has to be more complex than you - and the ability to..."
The Greek flag is includes nine blue-and-white horizontal...
The Greek flag is includes nine blue-and-white horizontal stripes, which some scholars say stand for the nine syllables of the Greek motto “Eleftheria i Thanatos” or “Freedom or Death.” Blue represents Greece’s sea and sky, while white stands for the purity of the struggle of freedom. In the upper left-hand corner is the traditional Greek Orthodox cross. It was officially adopted by the First National Assembly in 1822.
vaccineswork: Dr Hasina Ahmed, Healthcare Worker, Dhaka South...
Dr Hasina Ahmed, Healthcare Worker, Dhaka South City Corporation
“I settled in the small health care centre in which I work now because I was brought up in this area; I am a child of these streets. My clinic is my second home.
Today I am here to be trained for two new vaccines which we are introducing in Bangladesh to protect children, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and the inactivated polio vaccine. The disease I see most often is pneumonia, so the impact of this introduction will be incredible.
I have been to many training sessions over the years but I learn new things every time. Every year technology is changing, and the schedule for when we administer each vaccine changes. I hope this introduction will do tremendous, life-saving things for small children.”
Photo: Gavi/GMB Akash. Find out more about Bangladesh’s vaccine launch here.
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