The White House ceremony for the act - Coolidge with Indian representatives
Calvin Coolidge (1872 - 1933)
Indian Citizenship Act
June 2nd 1924: Indian Citizenship Act
On this day in 1924, the Indian Citizenship Act was signed into law by President Calvin Coolidge. This act, proposed by Representative Homer Snyder (R - NY), conferred citizenship on all Native Americans born in the United States. After decades of brutal Indian warfare, the 1870s had seen an attempt to establish a Peace Policy, which intended to start Native Americans on a route to citizenship. However, indigenous Americans were explicitly excluded from national citizenship in the Fourteenth Amendment of 1868. Several developments were made towards citizenship in the next few decades, including being extended to Native American World War One veterans in 1919. Despite the passage of the 1924 act, many Native Americans continued to be denied suffrage until 1948.
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