One of the most legendary lost libraries belonged to Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich (aka Ivan the Terrible). In 1472, Ivan’s grandfather, Ivan III, an avid book collector, married Sophia Paleologue, niece of the last Byzantine emperor. When she moved to Moscow, she brought her own book collection, which was rumored to contain most of the Library of Constantinople as well as manuscripts from the Library of Alexandria.
Ivan the Terrible added to the library throughout his life. The collection eventually contained ancient and contemporary works in Russian, Greek, Latin, Hebrew, Egyptian, and Chinese. Ivan stored his collection in the Kremlin’s basement. Scribes were commissioned to translate all the works into Russian. After Ivan the Terrible’s death, the collection vanished from history. Some claim that it was destroyed in a fire. Some claim it was hidden away, still waiting to be rediscovered.
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